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Beating heart transplant technology explained

Supported

Claim checked

“This heart continues beating outside the body while waiting to be transplanted. A perfusion system keeps it warm and receiving oxygenated blood, allowing the organ to be preserved in suitable conditions until the transplant.”

Published

Verdict

Supported

The claim describes a real medical technology in which a donor heart is kept beating outside the body by a perfusion system that supplies warm, oxygenated blood until transplant. Multiple medical sources confirm this is an established practice, known as warm perfusion or "heart in a box," used at hospitals in the UK and the US. The technology, such as the TransMedics Organ Care System, keeps the heart warm, perfused with oxygenated blood, and beating during transport, extending the window for transplantation. The claim is supported by the available evidence.

Key details: The heart is placed in a portable device, revived to a beating state, and perfused with oxygen and nutrient-rich blood at body-like temperature. This extends the recovery-to-transplant window from roughly 3–4 hours (traditional ice transport) to over 12 hours, allowing longer-distance transport and use of hearts from donors after circulatory death.

Reasoning

The claim states that a heart can continue beating outside the body while waiting to be transplanted, kept warm and receiving oxygenated blood through a perfusion system. This describes a real and increasingly common medical technology known as warm perfusion or "heart in a box."

A 2019 BBC report describes James Walton, the first patient at Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham to receive a heart transplant using the Heart in a Box machine. The article explains that the donor heart is placed in a clear chamber where it is kept beating using the donor's blood, with oxygen and glucose pumped into the chamber. The machine cost £150,000 and was paid for by the hospital's charity and Heart Research UK. The hospital said the technology had the potential to increase the number of hearts available for transplant by up to 50%, though its use was limited by cost.

UCLA Health's transplant program page describes the Organ Care System (OCS), also called "heart in a box" or "beating heart" transplant technology. According to UCLA, the OCS lets the donor heart continue functioning outside the body during transport, keeping it warm and nourished by blood and oxygen. The heart is revived immediately to a beating state, perfused with oxygen and nutrient-rich blood, and maintained at an appropriate temperature. Monitors on the device report how the heart is functioning during transport, and the heart remains warm and beating until transplant.

UT Southwestern Medical Center provides further detail on the technology. The TransMedics Organ Care System perfuses the donor heart with an oxygenated, blood-based solution at a pressure of 60–90 mmHg, restoring the heartbeat while maintaining a temperature of 34°C (93°F). This extends the recovery-to-transplant window from 3–4 hours to over 12 hours, allowing transplant teams to travel more than triple the distance to accept donor hearts. The FDA approved the technology in 2021 for expanded criteria heart donation after brain death and expanded approval in 2022 to include donation after circulatory death.

The claim's core elements — a heart beating outside the body, a perfusion system, warm temperature, and oxygenated blood — are all confirmed by these independent medical sources. The claim is a general description of the technology rather than a specific event, and the evidence strongly supports it. The verdict is supported.

Key checks

  • The claim that a heart can continue beating outside the body while waiting for transplant: Supported by BBC, UCLA Health, and UT Southwestern Medical Center, all describing warm perfusion or "heart in a box" technology that keeps donor hearts beating during transport.

  • The claim that a perfusion system keeps the heart warm and supplied with oxygenated blood: Supported by UCLA Health and UT Southwestern, which describe the Organ Care System perfusing the heart with oxygenated, blood-based solution at warm temperatures (34°C).

Confidence

High

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